Nutritional Clinic
Dietary counseling for heart diseases includes:
- General Instructions for diet
- FAQs about Healthy Eating
- Tips for Healthy Eating
- Management of High Cholesterol and other lipids
- Stress Management
- Relaxation Therapy For Body And Mind
- Summary of Guidelines for Recovery After Heart Surgery
- Exercise Programme
- Lifestyle Management Programme
Nutritional counseling consists of formulation of a specific eating plan by a dietician based on your current health status.
- General Instructions for diet
- Diet plays a vital role in your treatment. So please follow your diet instructions diligently.
- Your meals need not be monotonous or unappetizing, if you follow the food exchange system. The food exchange that are listed, allow you to select a wide variety of food from each exchange.
- At first you should measure all the food items to be sure of the amounts.
HOUSEHOLD MEASURES
- 1 CUP = 200 ml
- 1 Katori = ½ cup (100 ml)
- 1 Teaspoon = 5 gms.
- 1 Table = 15 gms.
FATS
- Avoid saturated fats like butter, ghee and hydrogenated fats like vanaspati. Avoid fried foods like potato chips, pakoras, puris and samosas. Use vegetable oils except coconut oil for cooking.
- A blend of oils is better than using a single oil for cooking. For example, use equal proportions of: Sunflower oil + Groundnut oil or Corn oil + Groundnut oil
- Occasionally mustard oil can be used for cooking. Olive oil can be used for everyday cooking.
1 tea spoon (5 gms) oil contains: - Protein = Nil; Carbohydrate = Nil; Fat = 5 gms; 45 Kcals
MILK
- Use skimmed or toned milk for tea, coffee, and curd preparations like raita, kadhi, paneer etc. and for drinking. Avoid whole milk, condensed milk, cream, milk, sweets, chocolates and processed cheese.
- 1-cup (200 ml) milk contains:
- Protein = 5 gms;
- Carbohydrates = 10 gms ;
- Fats = Negligible ;60 Kcals
- Milk Exchange: Food items mentioned below are equal to each other.
- Skimmed/Toned milk = 200 ml (1 cup)
- Skimmed milk powder = 20 gm (4 tea spoons)
- Curds made from skimmed/toned milk = 200 ml (1 cup)
MEAT & MEAT PRODUCTS
- Use lean cuts of meat, fish and chicken. Avoid organ meats like liver, kidney, brain, sweetbread, egg, yolk, pate, shellfish which includes prawns, lobsters, crabs, oyesters, fish roe like caviar as they are very high in cholesterol. Prepare lean cuts of meal, fish and poultry by boiling, roasting, baking, steaming or cooking with a very small amount of oil.
- 75 gms of chicken or fish contain:
- Protein = 15 to 20 gms; Carbohydrate = Nil; Fat = 1 gms; 80 Kcals
- Protein = 15 to 20 gms; Carbohydrate = Nil; Fat = 1 gms; 80 Kcals
- MEAT EXCHANGE:
- Chicken = 75 gms
- Fish = 75 gms
PULSES
- All whole pulses, legumes, grams like whole moong, rajmah, chana, rongi should be included in the diet as they are rich sources of fibre. Sprouted dals are rich sources of vitamins, minerals and fibre.
- ½ cup (30 gms) cooked dal contains:
- Protein = 7 gms;
- Carbohydrate = 17 gms;
- Fat = Nil; 100 Kcals
- PULSE EXCHANGE: Food items mentioned below are equal to each other.
- Dal = 30 gms (½ cup cooked)
- Sprouted dal = 30 gms (1 cup)
- Roasted gram = 30 gms (½ cup)
- Besan = 30 gms (6 tea spoons)
CEREALS
- Whole grain cereals like whole wheat, oats, bran, dalia, bajra are rich sources of fibre, therefore, should be included in the diet.
- 20 gms of cereals contain:
- Protein = 2 gms;
- Carbohydrate = 15 gms;
- Fat = Negligible; 70 Kcals
- CEREAL EXCHANGE: Food items mentioned below are equal to each other.
- Rice (uncooked) = 4 tea spoons
- Dalia (uncooked) = 4 tea spoons
- Sooji(uncooked) = 4 tea spoons
- Vermiceli = 4 tea spoons
- Cornflakes = 6 tea spoons
- Wheat flour = 4½ tea spoons (1 medium chapati)
- Idli = 1
- Upma = ½ cup
- Noodles/Spaghetti = ½ cup
- Potato = 60 gms
- Bread = 1 slice (30 gms)
VEGETABLES
- All vegetables are good sources of fibre.
- Bottle gourd Ashgourd Cabbage Cauliflower
- Bitter gourd Ladyfinger Tomatoes Peas
- Ridge gourd Pumpkin Green leafy vegetables
- Tinda Brinjal Spinach Methi leaves
- Radish French beans Celery Lettuce
- Capsicum Carrot Mustard leaves Mint
- VEGETABLE EXCHANGE: 100 gms of vegetable contain:
- Protein = 2.3 gms; Carbohydrate = 12 to 15 gms; Fat = Nil; 40 Kcals
FRUITS
- Fruits are good sources of dietary fibre, therefore, it is better to have whole fruits rather than having fruit juices and aerated drinks.
80 gms of fruits contain:
- Protein = Negligible;
- Carbohydrate = 10 gms;
- Fat = Negligible; 40 Kcals
- FRUIT EXCHANGE: All fruits mentioned below are equivalent to 80 to 100 gms
- Pear, Guava, Apple = 1 small Banana = 1 small
- Apricot, plums = 1 small Custard apple = 1 small
- Melon, Water melon = 1 slice (200 gms) Grapes = 15(60gm)
- Orange = 1 medium Chikoo = 1 small
- Papaya = 2" X 3 " slice Mango = 1 small
- Dates = 1 small
It is important to control your weight. Record your weight once a week. If you are overweight, reducing your weight will help to reduce your blood pressure, blood cholesterol and triglycerides levels. Restrict the amount of sugar, honey, sweets, jams, jellies, dry fruits and nuts.
1 teaspoon of sugar contains:
- Protein = Nil; Carbohydrate = 5 gms; Fat = Nil; 20 Kcals
- …3-4…teaspoons of sugar …15-20 Gms per day
Diabetics should have their meals in short intervals in order to maintain their blood sugar levels. For example,
- 6.00 a.m Bed tea
- 9.00 a.m Breakfast
- 11.30 a.m mid morning snack
- 2.00 p.m Lunch
- 5.00-p.m Evening tea with snack
- 8.00 p.m Dinner
- 10.30 p.m Bed -time snack